On June 25, 2025, Libya’s National Oil Corporation (NOC) formalized a memorandum of understanding with Türkiye’s state-owned Turkish Petroleum Corporation (TPAO) in Istanbul, delineating cooperation on geological and geophysical studies across four offshore parcels in the Mediterranean. The agreement stipulates that TPAO will execute a 10,000-kilometer two-dimensional seismic survey and process resultant data within nine … Leggi tutto Geopolitical and Economic Implications of the 2025 Libya-Turkey Offshore Hydrocarbon Exploration Agreement: A Critical Analysis of the NOC-TPAO Memorandum of Understanding