Gray zone aggression, characterized by actions that undermine state sovereignty, territorial integrity, or political independence without crossing the threshold of armed conflict, poses a persistent challenge to global security in 2025. The United Nations General Assembly Resolution 3314 of December 1974, which defines aggression as the use of armed force against a state’s core attributes, … Leggi tutto Legal Deterrence by Denial: Strategic Initiative and International Law in Addressing Gray Zone Aggression