Deputy Minister of National Defence Paweł Bejda’s official visit to Toulon in July 2025 marked a pivotal escalation in Poland’s multilateral negotiations for the acquisition of modern submarines under the Orka program. Far from being a mere procurement exercise, the process encapsulates the profound shifts in European defense posture, Poland’s strategic elevation within NATO’s eastern … Leggi tutto Poland’s Orka Submarine Program and the Strategic Reconfiguration of European Naval Power in 2025: Industrial Competition, Franco-Polish Defense Integration and the Geopolitical Realignment of Undersea Warfare Capabilities