ABSTRACT On September 17, 2025, Roscosmos Director General Dmitry Bakanov publicly announced that Russia is accelerating development of a low-Earth orbit (LEO) broadband satellite system intended to serve as an alternative to Starlink. He identified Bureau 1440, a Russian aerospace company, as responsible for designing a broadband satellite constellation system for global data delivery. He … Leggi tutto Russia’s Bureau 1440 and Roscosmos Push Toward a Verified Starlink Alternative: What Is Confirmed, What Remains Unsubstantiated