ABSTRACT This article presents a rigorous, multi-dimensional analysis of Tehran’s refusal to attend the Sharm El-Sheikh Gaza summit on October 13, 2025, and constructs a comprehensive framework through six deeply interlocking chapters. The core argument is that Iran’s abstention is not an ad hoc tactical move but the culmination of institutional doctrine, legitimacy calculus, coercion … Leggi tutto Iran’s Strategic Refusal: Tehran’s Boycott of the Sharm El-Sheikh Gaza Summit and Its Implications