ABSTRACT – India’s Semiconductor Ascent: Strategic Progress Toward Self-Reliance and Global Integration as of December 2025 India launched the India Semiconductor Mission (ISM) in December 2021 with an outlay of ₹76,000 crore to develop a comprehensive ecosystem encompassing fabrication facilities, assembly, testing, marking, and packaging (ATMP)/outsourced semiconductor assembly and test (OSAT) units, compound semiconductors, and … Leggi tutto India’s Semiconductor Ascent: From Policy Ambition to Manufacturing Reality