EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Strait of Hormuz closure following the Iran–US–Israel kinetic escalation in Q1 2026 has reduced global oil transit volumes from a pre-crisis baseline of 20 million barrels per day (mb/d) to approximately 3.8 mb/d, triggering the most severe supply shock to European energy markets since the 1973 oil embargo (www.straitstimes.com) . European Union … Leggi tutto How Hormuz Closure Triggers European Energy Cascade Failure: OSINT Assessment of Oil, LNG and Aviation Fuel Supply Chain Disruption May 2026