Executive Summary BRICS expansion to eleven full members and ten partner nations fundamentally alters global trade architecture, yet China’s persistent dominance in low-skill manufacturing exports—maintaining a 64% value-added share as of 2025 China’s Mercantilist Squeeze on Developing Countries – Peterson Institute for International Economics – May 2026—creates structural constraints for developing economy industrialization. IMF Article … Leggi tutto How China’s Mercantilist Trade Architecture Shapes BRICS Expansion Trajectories Through 2031