Executive Summary The Sahel’s state fragility has escalated into systemic territorial losses by central governments in Mali, Burkina Faso, and Niger, enabling JNIM (al-Qaeda affiliate) and ISIS-Sahel Province expansion. Primary metrics indicate violence incidents surging over 1,000% since 2007, with millions displaced and spillover risks to European migration routes, terrorism, and hybrid threats via Libya. … Leggi tutto Sahel Jihadist Collapse & Italy’s MISIN Strategy for EU Security