ABSTRACT Purpose: On August 13, 2025, Kim Yo Jong of the Workers’ Party of Korea (WPK) publicly rejected engagement with South Korea, dismissing conciliatory signals from Seoul while condemning the forthcoming U.S.–Republic of Korea (U.S.–ROK) joint exercise slated for August 18–28, 2025; the move entrenches a trajectory begun with Pyongyang’s formal constitutional shift in October … Leggi tutto North Korea–South Korea Relations: Constitutional Hardening in 2025