Between Sanctions and Dependency: Hungary’s Strategic Energy Relationship with Russia in the Orbán–Putin Moscow Talks of 2025

ABSTRACT The meeting between Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orbán and Russian President Vladimir Putin in Moscow on 28 November 2025 crystallizes a structural contradiction at the heart of the European Union’s Russia policy: while most member states seek to phase out Russian fossil fuels, Hungary is deepening a highly asymmetric but mutually beneficial energy partnership … Leggi tutto Between Sanctions and Dependency: Hungary’s Strategic Energy Relationship with Russia in the Orbán–Putin Moscow Talks of 2025