Scope: Italy, with comparative EU, French, German and United Kingdom lenses, covering the present gas-price shock and the policy horizon to 2031, with specific focus on glass, aluminium and other metals, chemicals, paper, ceramics, cement, steel, fertilizers, strategic downstream supply chains and recycling infrastructure. Executive Summary / BLUF Italy is confronting a competitiveness and industrial-continuity … Leggi tutto Italy’s Energy-Intensive Industry Shock: Preventing a Temporary Gas Crisis from Becoming Permanent Deindustrialisation