Strategic Governance, Defence-Industrial Integration, Intelligence Cooperation and Technological Sovereignty Scope: This assessment examines the quadrilateral diplomatic initiative involving Saudi Arabia, Türkiye, Pakistan and Iran in Tehran on 26 October 2026, its relationship to the Makkah Joint Defence Agreement of August 2026, and the implications for Middle Eastern security governance, defence industries, critical infrastructure and external … Leggi tutto Tehran and the Emerging Architecture of Regional Security: Saudi Arabia – Türkiye – Pakistan and Iran in the Contest for Middle Eastern Order